Protachykinin-1
experimentalAlso known as: PPT, TAC1, P20366
**Mechanism of Action** Protachykinin-1 (PPT, TAC1) is the precursor protein encoded by the *TAC1* gene, which is proteolytically processed into multiple tachykinin peptides, including substance P, neurokinin A, neurokinin B, and neuropeptide K. These peptides act primarily through G protein-coupled receptors (NK1R, NK2R, NK3R) to modulate neuronal excitability, pain transmission, and neurogenic inflammation. Tachykinins induce vasodilation, smooth muscle contraction (e.g., in respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts), and stimulate secretion from exocrine glands. Their effects are mediated via calcium-dependent signaling pathways and release of secondary messengers. **Key Research Findings** Preclinical studies demonstrate that PPT-derived tachykinins are critical mediators of nociception, stress responses, and neuroimmune interactions. Elevated PPT expression is observed in inflammatory and pain models, with antagonists of NK1R (e.g., aprepitant) showing analgesic and antiemetic effects in animal studies. PPT knockout mice exhibit reduced pain sensitivity and impaired neurogenic inflammation. Emerging research links PPT polymorphisms to susceptibility in migraine, irritable bowel syndrome, and psychiatric disorders, though human data remain limited. **Clinical Relevance** PPT and its peptide products are experimental targets for chronic pain, chemotherapy-induced nausea, and inflammatory diseases. NK1R antagonists are approved for emesis, but direct PPT modulation has not reached clinical trials. Further research is needed to validate PPT as a therapeutic target, particularly in conditions with dysregulated tachykinin signaling. For research purposes only — not medical advice.
Key data
MKILVALAVFFLVSTQLFAEEIGANDDLNYWSDWYDSDQIKEELPEPFEHLLQRIARRPKPQQFFGLMGKRDADSSIEKQVALLKALYGHGQISHKRHKTDSFVGLMGKRALNSVAYERSAMQNYERRRC24H22N2O3Mechanism of action
Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles
Research & studies
PC1 and PC2 mediate the formation of substance P and Tachykinin 58-71 from protachykinin peptides.; Mutant PC1 and PC2 mouse spinal cord fractions showed over 50% reduction in the rate of formation of these peptides.; Both PC1 and PC2 are involved in C-terminal processing of protachykinin peptides.; The findings suggest a major role for PC1 and PC2 in the maturation of protachykinin-1 protein.
Frequently asked questions
What is Protachykinin-1?
**Mechanism of Action** Protachykinin-1 (PPT, TAC1) is the precursor protein encoded by the *TAC1* gene, which is proteolytically processed into multiple tachykinin peptides, including substance P, neurokinin A, neurokinin B, and neuropeptide K. These peptides act primarily through G protein-coupled receptors (NK1R, NK
How does Protachykinin-1 work?
Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles
What is the research status of Protachykinin-1?
Protachykinin-1 is currently classified as experimental, with 15 research references on record. This is for research purposes only and is not medical advice.
What is the molecular weight of Protachykinin-1?
Protachykinin-1 has a molecular weight of approximately 386.4 g/mol (formula C24H22N2O3).
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