Prokineticin-2
experimentalAlso known as: Protein Bv8 homolog, PROK2, Q9HC23
Prokineticin-2 (PROK2), also known as Protein Bv8 homolog, is a secreted peptide encoded by the *PROK2* gene. Its primary proposed mechanism of action involves acting as an output signaling molecule from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master circadian pacemaker in the brain. PROK2 is rhythmically expressed in the SCN and binds to its cognate G-protein-coupled receptors, PROKR1 and PROKR2, in target brain regions to synchronize and transmit behavioral circadian rhythms, such as locomotor activity and sleep-wake cycles. Key research findings from experimental models demonstrate that PROK2 administration can phase-shift circadian behavior, while genetic disruption of PROK2 or its receptors leads to altered circadian rhythms and reduced locomotor activity. Studies have also implicated PROK2 in neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and pain modulation, though its primary role remains in circadian biology. The peptide is considered an essential mediator of SCN output, linking the central clock to peripheral behavioral outputs. Clinically, PROK2 and its receptors are of interest in circadian rhythm disorders, such as advanced or delayed sleep phase syndrome, and in conditions like seasonal affective disorder. Mutations in *PROK2* or *PROKR2* have been associated with Kallmann syndrome, highlighting its role in neuroendocrine function. However, therapeutic applications remain experimental, with no approved clinical use to date. For research purposes only — not medical advice.
Key data
MRSLCCAPLLLLLLLPPLLLTPRAGDAAVITGACDKDSQCGGGMCCAVSIWVKSIRICTPMGKLGDSCHPLTRKNNFGNGRQERRKRKRSKRKKEVPFFGRRMHHTCPCLPGLACLRTSFNRFICLAQKMechanism of action
May function as an output molecule from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that transmits behavioral circadian rhythm. May also function locally within the SCN to synchronize output. Potently contracts gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle
Research & studies
Novel biomarkers (e.g., circular RNAs, HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA, microRNA-486-5p) show increased sensitivity and specificity for sepsis diagnosis and prognosis.; Biomarkers play a role in guiding antibiotic therapy and evaluating treatment effectiveness.; Point-of-care testing enables swift, real-time patient evaluation, shifting biomarker application paradigms.; Challenges remain due to biomarker variability and absence of standardized thresholds, necessitating large-scale verification and clinical integration.
Prokineticin 2 induces proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of endothelial cells under pathological conditions.; It acts as an angiogenic factor and mediator of immune cell migration in the tumor microenvironment.; Prokineticin 2 suppresses tumor cell apoptosis and triggers proliferation and movements required for metastasis.; The molecule is involved in tumor pain and resistance responses, and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker.
Prok2 prevents neuronal cell death by suppressing biosynthesis of arachidonic acid-phospholipids via Fbxo10-driven ubiquitination and degradation of Acsl4.; Prok2 inhibits lipid peroxidation, a key process in ferroptosis.; Mice injected with Prok2 before controlled cortical impact injury showed reduced neuronal degeneration and improved motor and cognitive functions.; The protective effects of Prok2 were inhibited by Fbxo10 knockdown.
Frequently asked questions
What is Prokineticin-2?
Prokineticin-2 (PROK2), also known as Protein Bv8 homolog, is a secreted peptide encoded by the *PROK2* gene. Its primary proposed mechanism of action involves acting as an output signaling molecule from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master circadian pacemaker in the brain. PROK2 is rhythmically expressed in t
How does Prokineticin-2 work?
May function as an output molecule from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that transmits behavioral circadian rhythm. May also function locally within the SCN to synchronize output. Potently contracts gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle
What is the research status of Prokineticin-2?
Prokineticin-2 is currently classified as experimental, with 257 research references on record. This is for research purposes only and is not medical advice.
What is the molecular weight of Prokineticin-2?
Prokineticin-2 has a molecular weight of approximately 14314 g/mol.
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