Pro-neuropeptide Y

Also known as: NPY, P01303

Pro-neuropeptide Y (NPY, P01303) is a 97-amino acid precursor that is proteolytically processed to yield mature neuropeptide Y, a 36-amino acid neurotransmitter. Its primary mechanism of action involves binding to G-protein-coupled receptors, specifically neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (Y1R) and type 2 (Y2R). Activation of these receptors modulates intracellular signaling cascades, including inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and regulation of calcium channels, leading to effects on appetite, energy homeostasis, stress response, and vasoconstriction. Current research on pro-neuropeptide Y is limited, with 17 PubMed references indicating an experimental status. Key findings have focused on its role in hypothalamic regulation of feeding behavior and energy balance, with studies showing that NPY signaling via Y1R and Y2R promotes food intake and reduces energy expenditure. Additionally, preclinical evidence suggests involvement in anxiety-like behaviors and cardiovascular modulation, though data remain preliminary. Clinical relevance is not yet established, as no approved therapeutic applications exist. The experimental nature of pro-neuropeptide Y research limits its translational potential, though its receptor pathways are considered targets for obesity, metabolic disorders, and stress-related conditions. Further studies are needed to clarify its physiological significance and therapeutic viability. For research purposes only — not medical advice.

Key data

Mechanism of action

Ligand for neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (NPY1R) and neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 (NPY2R) (PubMed:1321422, PubMed:7592910, PubMed:35165283, PubMed:35507650, PubMed:36525977, PubMed:38882210). Receptor binding induces adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling, resulting in inhibition of cAMP production (PubMed:1321422, PubMed:7592910, PubMed:38882210). Receptor activation by NPY also leads to an increase of intracellular Ca(2+) levels (PubMed:1321422, PubMed:35165283, PubMed:7592910). Is involved in the regulation of eating behaviour, acting as a stimulator of food intake (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of colonic antisecretory tone, and colonic contractility (By similarity)

Research & studies

Frequently asked questions

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