Pancreatic polypeptide prohormone

Also known as: Pancreatic polypeptide Y, PPY, P01298

Pancreatic polypeptide prohormone (PPY, P01298) is a 36-amino acid peptide hormone primarily secreted by pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells of the islets of Langerhans. Its mechanism of action involves binding to the G protein-coupled receptor NPY4R2 (also known as Y4 receptor), which is expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Activation of this receptor modulates intracellular signaling cascades, including inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and regulation of ion channels, leading to reduced gastric emptying, inhibition of pancreatic exocrine secretion, and modulation of appetite and energy homeostasis. Key research findings indicate that pancreatic polypeptide functions as a satiety signal, reducing food intake and body weight in animal models. Elevated levels are observed in conditions such as pancreatic tumors and diabetic gastroparesis, while deficiencies are linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Despite its physiological significance, no specific clinical trials or peer-reviewed studies are indexed in PubMed for this peptide, and its approved status likely reflects regulatory clearance for diagnostic or therapeutic use in select regions. Clinically, pancreatic polypeptide is used as a biomarker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and may have potential in managing obesity and gastrointestinal motility disorders. However, its therapeutic application remains limited due to a lack of robust clinical data. For research purposes only — not medical advice.

Key data

Mechanism of action

Hormone secreted by pancreatic cells that acts as a regulator of pancreatic and gastrointestinal functions probably by signaling through the G protein-coupled receptor NPY4R2

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