Noopept

clinical trials

Also known as: Omberacetam, GVS-111

**Mechanism of Action** Noopept (Omberacetam, GVS-111) is a synthetic proline-containing dipeptide that functions as a prodrug for cycloprolylglycine (CPG). Its primary mechanism involves upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in the hippocampus and cortex, promoting synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. Additionally, it modulates cholinergic and glutamatergic systems, including AMPA receptor trafficking, and exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These actions underlie its nootropic (cognitive-enhancing) and anxiolytic effects, distinguishing it from classical racetam compounds. **Key Research Findings** Clinical trials and preclinical studies demonstrate Noopept’s ability to improve memory, attention, and learning in models of cognitive impairment (e.g., scopolamine-induced amnesia, chronic stress). It shows dose-dependent neuroprotection against excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, with oral bioavailability and rapid brain penetration. Human trials report enhanced cognitive performance in healthy adults and reduced anxiety in stress-related conditions, though effect sizes vary. Animal studies also indicate potential for stroke recovery and age-related cognitive decline, with a favorable safety profile at therapeutic doses (10–30 mg/day). **Clinical Relevance** Noopept is investigated for cognitive enhancement in healthy individuals and as an adjunctive therapy for mild cognitive impairment, post-stroke recovery, and anxiety disorders. Its rapid onset and low toxicity profile make it a candidate for chronic use, though long-term human data remain limited. Regulatory status varies by country; it is not FDA-approved for medical use. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety in specific clinical populations. For research purposes only — not medical advice.

Key data

Category
Cognitive & Neuroprotective
Molecular weight
318.4 g/mol
Molecular formula
C17H22N2O4
CAS number
157115-85-0
Administration
oral, sublingual
Research status
clinical trials
References
83
Tags
nootropic, oral, dipeptide

Research & studies

A Mini-review on Unlocking Cognitive Enhancement: An Innovative Strategy for Optimal Brain Functions
Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026 · PubMed

Natural compounds like curcumin, Ginkgo biloba, and Panax ginseng show cognitive benefits with ongoing research into nanoformulation delivery.; Synthetic enhancers such as Modafinil, Piracetam, and Methylphenidate demonstrate promise in improving cognitive functions.; Behavioral interventions including sleep optimization, meditation, and physical exercise are evaluated for cognitive-enhancing effects.; Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques (TMS, tDCS) and innovative methods like whole-body vibration and brain-machine interfaces are explored.

Physicochemical and structural analysis of N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester (Noopept) - An active pharmaceutical ingredient with nootropic activity
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis · 2025 · PubMed
Effects of noopept on ocular, pancreatic and renal histopathology in streptozotocin induced prepubertal diabetic rats
Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission · 2023 · PubMed

Renal tubule diameter and corneal and retinal thickness increased significantly in diabetic control rats.; Noopept and insulin treatments reduced diabetes-induced pathological changes in the D + I, D + N, and D + I + N groups.; The D + I + N group showed no significant differences in renal tubule diameter and corneal and retinal thickness compared to the diabetic control group.; Noopept appears protective against diabetes-related end-organ damage in this model.

Cognitive Enhancer Noopept Activates Transcription Factor HIF-1
Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2020 · PubMed

Noopept increases basal and induced DNA-binding activity of HIF-1 in SH-SH5Y cells.; Noopept stabilizes HIF1 protein by inhibiting HIF-1 prolyl hydroxylase.; Noopept alters expression of genes regulated by HIF-1 across different metabolic pathways.

Effects of noopept on cognitive functions and pubertal process in rats with diabetes
Life sciences · 2019 · PubMed

Noopept normalized delayed puberty in diabetic rats (p < 0.05).; Blood glucose levels were lower in noopept-administered diabetic groups (p < 0.05).; Noopept decreased HOMA-IR in insulin-treated diabetic rats (p < 0.05).; No significant differences were found in spatial learning, kisspeptin, LH, FSH, or hippocampal NGF/BDNF levels among groups.

MANAGEMENT OF AMNESTIC AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS AFTER KETAMINE ANESTHESIA
Georgian medical news · 2019 · PubMed

Intranasal Noopept after ketamine anesthesia reduces anxiety and excitability in animals.; Noopept increases animal activity and shows intensive antiamnesic effects.; Noopept improves training ability in animals.; Noopept has superior neuroprotective effects compared to piracetam and cerebrocurin.

Drug with Neuroprotective Properties Noopept Does Not Stimulate Cell Proliferation
Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2019 · PubMed

Noopept had no effect on cell distribution across G1, S, and G2 phases.; Noopept did not change the relative level of the proliferation marker Ki-67.; The drug does not stimulate cell proliferation in the tested cell lines.

[Pharmacokinetics of noopept and its active metabolite cycloprolyl glycine in rats]
Biomeditsinskaia khimiia · 2018 · PubMed

Frequently asked questions

What is Noopept?

**Mechanism of Action** Noopept (Omberacetam, GVS-111) is a synthetic proline-containing dipeptide that functions as a prodrug for cycloprolylglycine (CPG). Its primary mechanism involves upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in the hippocampus and cortex, pro

How does Noopept work?

Proline-containing dipeptide prodrug of cycloprolylglycine; increases BDNF/NGF expression with nootropic and anxiolytic effects.

What is the research status of Noopept?

Noopept is currently classified as clinical trials, with 83 research references on record. This is for research purposes only and is not medical advice.

What is the molecular weight of Noopept?

Noopept has a molecular weight of approximately 318.4 g/mol (formula C17H22N2O4).

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