GHRP-2

clinical trials

Also known as: Pralmorelin, KP-102

**Mechanism of Action** GHRP-2 (Pralmorelin) is a synthetic hexapeptide that acts as a potent agonist of the ghrelin receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHS-R1a). By binding to this receptor in the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, it stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) in a dose-dependent manner, surpassing the efficacy of natural ghrelin. Additionally, GHRP-2 activates downstream pathways that increase appetite, cortisol secretion, and prolactin release, reflecting its broader neuroendocrine effects beyond GH regulation. **Key Research Findings** Clinical trials have demonstrated GHRP-2’s ability to significantly elevate GH levels in healthy adults and GH-deficient patients, with a rapid onset and short half-life. Studies show its potential for diagnosing GH deficiency (e.g., via stimulation tests) and for enhancing muscle mass or recovery in catabolic states. However, its non-specific effects—including elevated cortisol and prolactin—raise concerns about long-term safety, and research has not established consistent benefits for aging or athletic performance. Most trials remain small-scale, with limited data on chronic use. **Clinical Relevance** GHRP-2 is approved in some regions (e.g., Japan) for diagnostic use in GH deficiency but not for therapeutic indications. Its off-label use for anti-aging or bodybuilding is unsupported by robust evidence and carries risks of hormonal imbalance, including hypercortisolism and prolactin-related side effects. Ongoing research explores its utility in cachexia and metabolic disorders, but regulatory approval for such uses remains pending. For research purposes only — not medical advice.

Key data

Category
Growth Hormone Peptides
Molecular weight
818 g/mol
Molecular formula
C45H55N9O6
CAS number
158861-67-7
Administration
subcutaneous, intranasal
Research status
clinical trials
References
204
Tags
ghrp, ghrelin-mimetic

Research & studies

Adult growth hormone deficiency: current concepts
Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2014 · PubMed

AGHD is characterized by abnormal body composition, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and impaired quality of life.; The GHRP-2 test with a peak GH cutoff of 9 μg/L is recommended for diagnosing severe AGHD in Japan.; GH therapy for adults should start at 3 μg/kg/day and be individually titrated based on clinical status and IGF-I levels.; Favorable effects of GH replacement have been shown, but a direct reduction in mortality is not yet confirmed.

The arginine and GHRP-2 tests as alternatives to the insulin tolerance test for the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency in Japanese patients: a comparison
Endocrine journal · 2013 · PubMed

Peak GH responses were significantly lower with the arginine test (median 4.43 μg/L) and higher with the GHRP-2 test (median 28.88 μg/L) compared to ITT (median 9.38 μg/L).; Among AGHD patients, no significant difference in peak GH responses was found between the arginine test and ITT.; Sensitivity and specificity for severe AGHD were 93.8% and 85.5% for arginine test, and 81.3% and 94.5% for GHRP-2 test, respectively.; Both arginine and GHRP-2 tests are acceptable alternatives to ITT for diagnosing AGHD in Japanese patients.

GHRP-2, a GHS-R agonist, directly acts on myocytes to attenuate the dexamethasone-induced expressions of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases, Atrogin-1 and MuRF1
Life sciences · 2008 · PubMed

GHRP-2 attenuated dexamethasone-induced Atrogin-1 mRNA in rat soleus muscle.; GHRP-2 decreased MuRF1 mRNA levels regardless of dexamethasone presence.; GHRP-2 did not alter plasma or muscle IGF-I levels.; The suppressive effect of GHRP-2 on Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 was blocked by a GHS-R1a antagonist.

Anti-inflammatory effect of the ghrelin agonist growth hormone-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2) in arthritic rats
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2005 · PubMed

GHRP-2 decreased arthritis score and paw volume in arthritic rats.; GHRP-2 reduced circulating IL-6 levels in arthritic rats.; GHRP-2 and ghrelin prevented endotoxin-induced IL-6 release from peritoneal macrophages in vitro.; GHRP-2 increased food intake in control rats but not in arthritic rats.

Growth hormone releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2), like ghrelin, increases food intake in healthy men
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2005 · PubMed

GHRP-2 infusion increased food intake by 35.9% vs. saline in all subjects.; Energy intake per kg body weight was higher with GHRP-2 (136.0 kJ/kg) than saline (101.3 kJ/kg).; Macronutrient composition of consumed food did not differ between conditions.; Serum GH levels rose significantly during GHRP-2 infusion.

Pralmorelin: GHRP 2, GPA 748, growth hormone-releasing peptide 2, KP-102 D, KP-102 LN, KP-102D, KP-102LN
Drugs in R&D · 2004 · PubMed

Pralmorelin markedly increases plasma GH levels in healthy subjects regardless of gender, obesity, or age.; In GH-deficient patients, the GH response to pralmorelin is significantly lower than in healthy controls.; A GH peak threshold of 15.0 μg/L was identified as the cutoff for diagnosing GH deficiency.; Pralmorelin was awaiting approval in Japan as a diagnostic agent for hypothalamo-pituitary function as of 2004.

The combined administration of GH-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2), TRH and GnRH to men with prolonged critical illness evokes superior endocrine and metabolic effects compared to treatment with GHRP-2 alone
Clinical endocrinology · 2002 · PubMed
Is GHRH receptor essential to GHRP-2-induced GH secretion in primary cultured rat pituitary cells?
Endocrinology · 2002 · PubMed

Antisense GHS-R ON reduced but did not abolish GHRP-2-induced GH secretion.; Antisense GHRH-R ON did not affect GHRP-2-induced GH secretion.; Combined antisense GHS-R and GHRH-R ON completely inhibited GHRP-2-stimulated GH secretion.; GHRH-R is vital for GHRH-induced but only partially involved in GHRP-2-induced GH secretion under GHS-R downregulation.

Frequently asked questions

What is GHRP-2?

**Mechanism of Action** GHRP-2 (Pralmorelin) is a synthetic hexapeptide that acts as a potent agonist of the ghrelin receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHS-R1a). By binding to this receptor in the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, it stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) in a dose-dependent manner,

How does GHRP-2 work?

Synthetic hexapeptide ghrelin receptor agonist that potently stimulates GH secretion; also raises appetite, cortisol, and prolactin.

What is the research status of GHRP-2?

GHRP-2 is currently classified as clinical trials, with 204 research references on record. This is for research purposes only and is not medical advice.

What is the molecular weight of GHRP-2?

GHRP-2 has a molecular weight of approximately 818 g/mol (formula C45H55N9O6).

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