Cholecystokinin
experimentalAlso known as: CCK, P06307
**Mechanism of Action** Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone primarily secreted by I-cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to dietary lipids and proteins. It acts via G protein-coupled CCK receptors (CCK1 and CCK2) to stimulate gallbladder contraction and relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi, facilitating bile release. Additionally, CCK promotes pancreatic acinar cell secretion of digestive enzymes and delays gastric emptying by inhibiting antral motility. Central CCK signaling also modulates satiety via vagal afferent pathways. **Key Research Findings** Experimental studies (PubMed: 15329) demonstrate CCK’s role in coordinating postprandial digestion, with knockout models showing impaired gallbladder emptying and pancreatic enzyme output. CCK1 receptor antagonism reduces bile flow and enzyme secretion in animal models, while CCK2 receptor activation influences gastric acid secretion and anxiety-like behaviors. Peripheral CCK administration reduces food intake in rodents, though tolerance develops rapidly. Clinical trials remain limited, with most data derived from preclinical models. **Clinical Relevance** CCK analogs and antagonists are under investigation for conditions such as biliary dyskinesia, pancreatitis, and obesity. However, its short half-life and off-target effects (e.g., anxiety, nausea) hinder therapeutic translation. Diagnostic use of synthetic CCK to assess gallbladder function is established, but broader clinical applications remain experimental. For research purposes only — not medical advice.
Key data
MNSGVCLCVLMAVLAAGALTQPVPPADPAGSGLQRAEEAPRRQLRVSQRTDGESRAHLGALLARYIQQARKAPSGRMSIVKNLQNLDPSHRISDRDYMGWMDFGRRSAEEYEYPSMechanism of action
This peptide hormone induces gall bladder contraction and the release of pancreatic enzymes in the gut. Its function in the brain is not clear. Binding to CCK-A receptors stimulates amylase release from the pancreas, binding to CCK-B receptors stimulates gastric acid secretion
Research & studies
CCK2R is a historic pain target with limited past success but renewed interest due to new approaches.; The review covers CCK2R function in both naive and chronic pain states.; CCK2Rs interact with opioids, influencing pain modulation.; Recent efforts aim to develop novel CCK2R-targeted therapies for chronic pain.
Cholecystokinin induces satiety by interacting through CCK-1 receptors in the hindbrain.; It inhibits expression of orexigenic peptides in the hypothalamus and prevents ghrelin stimulation of neurons.; Elevated cholecystokinin levels decrease appetite and reduce intestinal inflammation caused by parasites and bacterial toxins.; Cholecystokinin increases proliferation of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and reduces insulin-induced hyperphagia.
CCK1R and CCK2R are G protein-coupled receptors with distinct signaling pathways for short- and long-term effects.; Structural data explain receptor binding, activation, and regulation mechanisms.; Peripheral cholecystokinin receptors have specific tissue distribution and physiological actions.; These receptors are implicated in various clinical disorders through their pathophysiological peripheral actions.
Frequently asked questions
What is Cholecystokinin?
**Mechanism of Action** Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone primarily secreted by I-cells in the duodenal mucosa in response to dietary lipids and proteins. It acts via G protein-coupled CCK receptors (CCK1 and CCK2) to stimulate gallbladder contraction and relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi, facilitating bile
How does Cholecystokinin work?
This peptide hormone induces gall bladder contraction and the release of pancreatic enzymes in the gut. Its function in the brain is not clear. Binding to CCK-A receptors stimulates amylase release from the pancreas, binding to CCK-B receptors stimulates gastric acid secretion
What is the research status of Cholecystokinin?
Cholecystokinin is currently classified as experimental, with 15,329 research references on record. This is for research purposes only and is not medical advice.
What is the molecular weight of Cholecystokinin?
Cholecystokinin has a molecular weight of approximately 12669 g/mol.
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