Mechano Growth Factor (MGF)

preclinical

Also known as: IGF-1Ec, MGF peptide

Mechano Growth Factor (MGF), also known as IGF-1Ec, is a splice variant of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) that is upregulated in response to mechanical stress or muscle damage. Its mechanism of action involves binding to the IGF-1 receptor, which activates downstream signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, leading to enhanced proliferation and activation of muscle satellite cells. This process promotes localized tissue repair and compensatory hypertrophy, distinguishing MGF from systemic IGF-1 isoforms by its rapid, transient expression and autocrine/paracrine effects. Preclinical research, primarily in rodent models, demonstrates that MGF administration or overexpression increases muscle fiber cross-sectional area, accelerates regeneration after injury, and attenuates age-related sarcopenia. Studies also indicate that MGF may exert neuroprotective effects in models of neurodegeneration, though these findings remain preliminary. Notably, MGF’s activity is context-dependent, with its efficacy influenced by the timing of expression relative to mechanical loading or injury. Clinically, MGF has not advanced beyond preclinical investigation, and no human trials have been conducted to date. Its potential applications in muscle wasting disorders, sports injury recovery, and sarcopenia remain speculative. Due to the lack of safety and efficacy data in humans, MGF is not approved for therapeutic use. For research purposes only — not medical advice.

Key data

Category
Muscle & Performance
Administration
subcutaneous, intramuscular
Research status
preclinical
References
194
Tags
igf-splice, satellite-cell, repair

Research & studies

Mechano-growth factor regulates periodontal ligament stem cell proliferation and differentiation through Fyn-RhoA-YAP signaling
Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2024 · PubMed

MGF promotes PDLSC proliferation and fibrogenic differentiation by inducing Fyn-YAP Y357 phosphorylation.; Fyn activates YAP indirectly through RhoA in response to MGF stimulation.; The Fyn-RhoA-p-YAP Y357 pathway is significant for MGF-mediated PDLSC proliferation and differentiation.

Retraction: Mechano growth factor attenuates mechanical overload-induced nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis through inhibiting the p38 MAPK pathway
Bioscience reports · 2024 · PubMed
Mechanochemical coupling of MGF mediates periodontal regeneration
Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2023 · PubMed

MGF produced under occlusion force strongly enhances PDL remodeling in vivo.; MGF promotes PDLSC differentiation toward fibroblasts, confirmed by in vitro experiments and mathematical modeling.; The mechanochemical coupling effect is modulated by Fyn-FAK kinases signaling and subsequent MAPK pathway, including ERK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation.; MGF-centered adjuvant treatment could optimize PDL remodeling, especially for patients with weakened bite force or destroyed periodontium.

The role of mechano growth factor in chondrocytes and cartilage defects: a concise review
Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2023 · PubMed

MGF is highly expressed in chondrocytes of damaged cartilage from trauma or osteoarthritis.; MGF regulates chondrocyte behaviors including proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, and apoptosis.; MGF senses mechanical stimuli and helps maintain cartilage homeostasis under normal joint conditions.; The role of MGF in cartilage development and disease is still controversial and its mechanisms are elusive.

Periosteal topology creates an osteo-friendly microenvironment for progenitor cells
Materials today. Bio · 2022 · PubMed
Mechano-growth factor E-domain modulates cardiac contractile function through 14-3-3 protein interactomes
Frontiers in physiology · 2022 · PubMed

At 4.5 mg/kg/day, the S/E and S/A peptides produced opposing effects on cardiac systolic and diastolic function, with no significant change in cardiac geometry.; Microarray analysis identified 21 genes differentially expressed in line with the opposing contractile effects, including Nr4a2, and E-domain peptides modulated Nr4a gene expression after KCl depolarization in vitro.; The S/A peptide destabilized 14-3-3 protein folding and inhibited its interaction with MYPC3 and PLN, while the S/E peptide only inhibited MYPC3 interaction; pSer18 increased 14-3-3 stability.

Pretreatment with mechano growth factor E peptide attenuates osteoarthritis through improving cell proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis in chondrocytes under severe hypoxia
International immunopharmacology · 2021 · PubMed
Surface modification of electrospun fibers with mechano-growth factor for mitigating the foreign-body reaction
Bioactive materials · 2021 · PubMed

Frequently asked questions

What is Mechano Growth Factor (MGF)?

Mechano Growth Factor (MGF), also known as IGF-1Ec, is a splice variant of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) that is upregulated in response to mechanical stress or muscle damage. Its mechanism of action involves binding to the IGF-1 receptor, which activates downstream signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, leading t

How does Mechano Growth Factor (MGF) work?

Mechanically activated IGF-1 splice variant that activates muscle satellite cells for repair and hypertrophy.

What is the research status of Mechano Growth Factor (MGF)?

Mechano Growth Factor (MGF) is currently classified as preclinical, with 194 research references on record. This is for research purposes only and is not medical advice.

Related peptides

Build on Mechano Growth Factor (MGF) data programmatically

Structured peptide data, semantic search, and AI summaries via one API.

Get a free API key