Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4)
experimentalAlso known as: Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4, Pal-KTTKS, Matrixyl
**Mechanism of Action** Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4, Pal-KTTKS) is a synthetic matrikine peptide designed to mimic the collagen-derived fragment Lys-Thr-Thr-Lys-Ser. Its palmitoyl chain enhances skin penetration, allowing the peptide to reach dermal fibroblasts. Once internalized, it binds to specific receptors (e.g., integrins) and upregulates transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling, leading to increased synthesis of collagen types I and III, as well as fibronectin. This cascade promotes extracellular matrix remodeling and reduces visible wrinkle depth. **Key Research Findings** In vitro studies demonstrate that Pal-KTTKS stimulates fibroblast proliferation and collagen production in a dose-dependent manner. Clinical trials (e.g., double-blind, vehicle-controlled studies) report statistically significant reductions in wrinkle volume and depth after 8–12 weeks of topical application, with improvements in skin firmness and texture. However, the peptide’s efficacy is limited by its poor intrinsic stability and reliance on formulation (e.g., liposomal delivery). Current research remains experimental, with 15 indexed PubMed references supporting its mechanism and preliminary clinical outcomes. **Clinical Relevance** Matrixyl is widely used in cosmeceutical formulations as an anti-aging ingredient, though it is not classified as a drug. Its clinical utility is confined to topical cosmetic applications for mild-to-moderate photoaging. No therapeutic indications for pathological conditions (e.g., wound healing or fibrosis) have been established. Regulatory status varies by region, but it is generally recognized as safe for cosmetic use. For research purposes only — not medical advice.
Key data
C39H75N7O10Research & studies
KTTKS-CBC and MSC-KTTKS-CBC composites significantly improved wound healing versus controls.; MSC-KTTKS-CBC group exhibited the best wound closure, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis.; Inflammation was alleviated in KTTKS-CBC and MSC-KTTKS-CBC treated wounds.; The MSC-KTTKS-CBC composite shows promise as a clinical wound dressing for burn regeneration.
Both preparation methods yielded liposomes with PdI < 0.20, mean diameters <100 nm (REV) or <200 nm (TLE), negative surface charge, and >90% structured phospholipids.; Liposome encapsulation improved peptide stability and skin delivery potential.; Pal-KTTKS delivered via PC liposomes enhanced collagen synthesis compared to free pentapeptide and 1 mM ascorbic acid.
Developed a reliable LC-MS/MS assay with energy resolved MS/MS for quantifying peptides in skin homogenates.; Optimized parameters including substrate concentration, skin homogenate dilution, and protein concentration.; Pal-KTTKS degradation profiles were compared between rat and human skin samples.; SA1-III and pamSA1-III peptides remained stable in human skin homogenate for up to 8 hours.
KTTKS is freely soluble in water (logP = -1.6) and shows no surface activity.; Pal-KTTKS is lipophilic (logP ≈ 3.7) and exhibits surface activity with a CMC of 0.024 mM.; Both peptides decompose above 150°C without melting, are hygroscopic, and show birefringence with irregular flake morphology.; Palmitoylation introduces sharp peaks in the X-ray diffraction pattern of KTTKS.
Palmitoyl peptides (acid or amide form) were the most active plasmin inhibitors.; Lysine-to-arginine modification in the peptides showed no biological effects.; None of the synthesized peptides were cytotoxic to fibroblasts.; Three peptides stimulated cell growth but lacked a concentration-activity relationship in collagen and DNA biosynthesis assays.
0.1 μM Pal-KTTKS decreased α-SMA-positive stress fibers per field from 75% to 38.6% (p < 0.05).; The inhibitory effect on myofibroblast differentiation was not significant at 0.5 μM Pal-KTTKS.; Stress fiber levels and collagen contractility correlated with α-SMA expression.; A delicate balance between wound healing and pro-fibrotic effects of Pal-KTTKS is needed for therapeutic dosing.
Frequently asked questions
What is Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4)?
**Mechanism of Action** Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4, Pal-KTTKS) is a synthetic matrikine peptide designed to mimic the collagen-derived fragment Lys-Thr-Thr-Lys-Ser. Its palmitoyl chain enhances skin penetration, allowing the peptide to reach dermal fibroblasts. Once internalized, it binds to specific receptors
How does Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4) work?
Matrikine signal peptide that stimulates collagen I, III, and fibronectin synthesis to reduce wrinkle depth in topical use.
What is the research status of Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4)?
Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4) is currently classified as experimental, with 15 research references on record. This is for research purposes only and is not medical advice.
What is the molecular weight of Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4)?
Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4) has a molecular weight of approximately 802.1 g/mol (formula C39H75N7O10).
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